Fig. 8

Comparing immune infiltration in chronic LBP versus acute LBP groups. (A) The predicted immune cell infiltration percentage. (B) Heatmap showing the changes in immune infiltration levels between the groups. (C) Scatter plot of AVIL and CD56bright natural killer cell level correlation. (D) Scatter plot of PADI4 and effector memory CD8 T cell level correlation. ****p < 0.0001, ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05.