Table 1 Comparison of clinical characteristics among participants according to GERD in study participants.
Characteristics | GERD (-) (n = 103,956) | GERD (+) (n = 16,468) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 49.6 ± 11.0 | 51.9 ± 10.4 | < 0.001 |
Male sex (%) | 36.2 | 34.1 | < 0.001 |
DM (%) | 9.4 | 10.5 | < 0.001 |
Hypertension (%) | 24.1 | 26.5 | < 0.001 |
Smoking history (%) | 26.9 | 29.3 | < 0.001 |
Alcohol history (%) | 8.3 | 9.7 | < 0.001 |
Systolic BP (mmHg) | 120.4 ± 18.8 | 120.6 ± 17.8 | 0.111 |
Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 73.8 ± 11.5 | 73.8 ± 10.9 | 0.650 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.2 ± 3.8 | 24.2 ± 3.8 | 0.310 |
Laboratory parameters | |||
Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 95.8 ± 20.8 | 96.4 ± 19.8 | 0.002 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.8 ± 1.6 | 13.8 ± 1.5 | 0.128 |
Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 115.1 ± 94.3 | 118.9 ± 92.4 | < 0.001 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 195.4 ± 35.9 | 197.3 ± 35.2 | < 0.001 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 105.5 ± 13.9 | 103.8 ± 13.8 | < 0.001 |
Uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.43 ± 1.43 | 5.39 ± 1.39 | 0.002 |
Residence | < 0.001 | ||
Northern Taiwan (%) | 32.9 | 36.2 | |
Central Taiwan (%) | 19.1 | 19.9 | |
Southern Taiwan (%) | 38.7 | 33.0 | |
Eastern Taiwan (%) | 9.3 | 10.9 | |
WBGT during noon period* | |||
1-year average of WBGT (per 1 ℃) | 27.26 ± 1.08 | 27.22 ± 1.10 | < 0.001 |
3-year average of WBGT (per 1 ℃) | 27.11 ± 1.10 | 27.08 ± 1.12 | 0.001 |
5-year average of WBGT (per 1 ℃) | 26.97 ± 1.10 | 26.94 ± 1.12 | 0.002 |
WBGT during work period* | |||
1-year average of WBGT (per 1 ℃) | 25.02 ± 1.16 | 24.99 ± 1.19 | < 0.001 |
3-year average of WBGT (per 1 ℃) | 24.93 ± 1.16 | 24.90 ± 1.18 | < 0.001 |
5-year average of WBGT (per 1 ℃) | 24.80 ± 1.15 | 24.77 ± 1.18 | < 0.001 |
