Table 2 Subgroup analysis of the association between CAR and poor functional outcomes.

Factors	No. of studies	No. of patients	Random-effects model		Heterogeneity		Subgroup differences
Factors	No. of studies	No. of patients	OR (95%)	P1 value	I² (%)	P2 value	P3 value
Overall	5	1634	2.24 (1.81–2.78)	< 0.00001	0	0.67
Country							0.45
China	4	1392	2.11 (1.62–2.76)	< 0.00001	0	0.62
Other countries	1	242	2.51 (1.74–3.62)	< 0.00001	NA	NA
NOS score							0.74
< 7	3	1272	2.30 (1.70–3.10)	< 0.00001	0	0.79
≥ 7	2	362	2.10 (1.34–3.28)	0.001	46	0.17
Average age							0.62
≤ 60	4	1280	2.18 (1.72–2.78)	< 0.00001	0	0.55
> 60	1	354	2.50 (1.55–4.04)	0.0002	NA	NA
Sample size							0.99
≤ 300	3	514	2.24 (1.71–2.93)	< 0.00001	0	0.38
> 300	2	1120	2.25 (1.57–3.22)	< 0.00001	0	0.52
Cutoff value							0.44
≤ 0.8	2	272	1.96 (1.29–2.98)	0.002	10	0.29
> 0.8	3	1362	2.37 (1.84–3.06)	< 0.00001	0	0.74
Mechanisms of pathology							0.74
Acute Primary Injury	3		2.16 (1.59–2.94)	< 0.00001	0	0.43
Secondary Complication-Driven	2		2.33 (1.72–3.15)	< 0.00001	0	0.46

OR: odds ratio, Cl confidence interval; P1: P value for statistical based on Z test; P2: P value for heterogeneity on Q test; P3: P value for subgroup difference; NA: not applicable.

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