Table 3 Secondary outcomes.

Postoperative delirium(n, %)

POD 1

7(20.6)

4(12.9)

2(6.7)

0.649

1.000

POD 3

2(5.9)

1(3.2)

1(3.3)

POD 7

0

0

0

CAM-CR(mean ± SD)

PREOP

12.00 ± 1.13

11.73 ± 0.83

12.31 ± 1.14

2.274

0.1091

POD 1

14.88 ± 4.68^##

12.61 ± 1.65^*#

14.40 ± 2.82△^#

6.786

0.0024

POD 3

14.12 ± 4.54^#

12.38 ± 1.56

13.13 ± 1.83

2.655

0.0763

POD 7

13.65 ± 3.37^#

12.10 ± 1.68^*

12.63 ± 1.47

3.561

0.0319

PND(n, %)

POD 1

5(14.7)

1(3.2)

1(3.3)

7.591

0.7921

POD 3

3(8.8)

0(/)

1(3.3)

POD 7

1(2.9)

0(/)

1(3.3)

POD 30

1(2.9)

0(/)

1(3.3)

POD 90

1(2.9)

1(3.2)

0(/)

POD 180

1(2.9)

1(3.2)

0(/)

MMSE(mean ± SD)

PREOP

25.12 ± 3.84

26.90 ± 2.51

25.45 ± 3.26

2.540

0.0850

POD 1

24.59 ± 4.70

26.29 ± 3.14

24.83 ± 3.24^##

1.854

0.1624

POD 3

25.47 ± 4.21

27.03 ± 2.69

25.47 ± 4.72

1.456

0.2378

POD 7

26.56 ± 3.49^#

27.48 ± 2.66

26.83 ± 3.10^#

0.745

0.4777

POD 30

26.97 ± 3.10^####

27.58 ± 2.61

27.03 ± 3.07^#

0.415

0.6623

POD 90

26.91 ± 3.01^####

27.68 ± 2.64

26.91 ± 3.01^#

0.800

0.4521

POD 180

26.88 ± 2.79^##

27.87 ± 2.14

26.88 ± 2.79

1.649

0.1984

BI index

PREOP

100.0(88.75, 100.0)

95.00(70.00, 100.0)

100(91.25, 100.0)

2.499

0.2866

POD 3

100.0(88.75, 100.0)

100.0(80.00, 100.0)

100.0(90.0, 100.0)

0.980

0.6126

POD 30

100.0(100.0, 100.0)^##

100.0(100.0, 100.0) ^##

100.0(100.0, 100.0)^#

0.322

0.8515

POD 90

100.0(100.0, 100.0) ^##

100.0(100.0, 100.0) ^##

100.0(100.0, 100.0) ^#

1.048

0.5921

POD 180

100.0(100.0, 100.0) ^##

100.0(100.0, 100.0) ^##

100.0(100.0, 100.0) ^#

1.996

0.3686