Fig. 4

(a) Adsorption kinetics curve (pH = 6, C₀ = 100 ppm, V = 500 mL, m = 200 mg); (b) Pseudo-first-order dynamics model fitting curve; (c) Pseudo-second-order dynamics model fitting curve; (d) Adsorption thermodynamic curve (pH = 6, V = 500 mL, m = 200 mg); (e) Langmuir model fitting curve; (f) Freundlich model fitting curve.