Fig. 5
Frontier analysis of bladder cancer based on SDI and ASDR across 204 countries and territories. Border is delimited in solid black; Countries and territories are represented by dots. (A) Frontier analysis of SDI and ASDR in bladder cancer from 1990 to 2021. The trend of SDI and age-standardized DALYs rates for each country or territories is shown in the form of a blue gradient. (B) Frontier analysis of SDI and age-standardized DALY rates in bladder cancer in 2021. Cyan dots represent a decrease trend in ASDR between 1990 and 2021, while coral-colored dots signify an increase in ASDR during the same period. SDI: Socio-Demographic Index; ASDR: age-standardized DALYs rates; DALYs: disability-adjusted life-years rates.
