Table 5 Pore size, number, and volume of rice straw (RS) and rice straw-derived biochar (RSBC).

From: Transformations in physicochemical properties and pore structure of biochar derived from rice straw revealed by synchrotron techniques

Pore size

Equivalent pore diameter range (µm)

Pore number

Pore volume (µm3)

RS

RSBC

RS

RSBC

Ultramicropores and micropores (0.1-5 and

5–30 μm)

1–20

4.030 ± 743a

5.042 ± 131a

1.95E + 06 ± 3.1E + 05a

2.16E + 06 ± 4.6E + 04a

20–30

1.331 ± 163a

726 ± 21b

6.83E + 06 ± 8.8E + 05a

3.28E + 06 ± 6.8E + 04b

Total

5.361 ± 874a

5.768 ± 152a

8.78E + 06 ± 1.2E + 06a

5.44E + 06 ± 1.1E + 05b

Mesopores

(30–75 μm)

30–40

526 ± 62a

160 ± 1.5b

8.61E + 06 ± 1.1E + 06a

2.50E + 06 ± 2.9E + 04b

40–50

319 ± 47a

65 ± 1.5b

1.18E + 07 ± 1.7E + 06a

2.32E + 06 ± 5.7E + 04b

50–60

129 ± 18a

22 ± 0.6b

9.18E + 06 ± 1.1E + 06a

1.60E + 06 ± 1.6E + 04b

60–70

71 ± 16a

12 ± 0.6b

6.42E + 06 ± 1.9E + 06a

1.08E + 06 ± 9.4E + 04b

Total

1.045 ± 141a

260 ± 81b

3.82E + 07 ± 5.6E + 06a

7.85E + 06 ± 8.6E + 04b

Macropores

(> 75 μm)

70–80

25 ± 4.0a

6 ± 0.02b

8.56E + 06 ± 8.7E + 05a

1.44E + 06 ± 1.8E + 04b

80–90

11 ± 1.7a

1 ± 1.2b

3.21E + 06 ± 5.0E + 05a

2.10E + 05 ± 3.6E + 05b

90–100

2 ± 1.7a

3 ± 0.6a

1.33E + 06 ± 7.6E + 05a

8.60E + 05 ± 2.2E + 05b

> 100

12 ± 1.7a

5 ± 0.6b

4.61E + 09 ± 1.7E + 08b

1.71E + 10 ± 3.1E + 08a

Total

50 ± 5.6a

15 ± 1.5b

4.62E + 09 ± 1.7E + 08b

1.71E + 10 ± 2.9E + 06a

Total

 

6.456 ± 1031a

6.043 ± 151a

4.67E + 09 ± 1.6E + 08b

1.71E + 10 ± 2.8E + 08a

  1. Results are expressed as mean values ± standard deviation (n = 3). The letters (a and b) indicate significant differences between tested properties on rice straw and its derived Biochar (p < 0.05).
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