Table 2 Target gene detail for gene expression study.

From: Mitigating Chloramphenicol induced liver toxicity by exploring the therapeutic potential of Astaxanthin and Quercetin

NCBI

Reference Sequence

Gene Symbol

Gene Name

Biological Function

NM_001280787.1

SURF1

Surfeit locus protein 1

This gene encodes a protein localized to the inner mitochondrial membrane and thought to be involved in the biogenesis of the cytochrome c oxidase complex.

NC_000006.12

SOD2

Superoxide dismutase 2

This protein binds to the superoxide byproducts of oxidative phosphorylation and converts them to hydrogen peroxide and diatomic oxygen.

In case of increased oxidative stress, the expression of SOD2, which is involved in combating oxidative stress, might be upregulated as a cellular response to counteract ROS.

NC_000007.14

NRF1

Nuclear respiratory factor 1

This gene encodes a protein that homodimerizes and functions as a transcription factor which activates the expression of some key metabolic genes regulating cellular growth and nuclear genes required for respiration, heme biosynthesis, and mitochondrial DNA transcription and replication

NC_000010.11

TFAM

Transcription factor A, mitochondrial

This gene encodes a key mitochondrial transcription factor containing two high mobility group motifs. The encoded protein also functions in mitochondrial DNA replication and repair.

NC_000011.10

UCP2

Uncoupling protein 2

UCPs may impact the mitochondrial membrane potential in mammalian cells.

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