Table 17 Statistical performance comparison of YDSE and other metaheuristic algorithms based on 30 independent runs.
Algorithm | STD (SSE) | RMSE (V) | MAE (V) | Correlation (R) | Efficiency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
YDSE | \(2.21 \times 10^{-6}\) | 0.0012 | 0.0009 | 0.998 | High (fast convergence, stable) |
SCA | \(1.2 \times 10^{-3}\) | 0.0150 | 0.0125 | 0.945 | Medium |
MFO | \(9.8 \times 10^{-4}\) | 0.0135 | 0.0110 | 0.950 | Medium |
HHO | \(7.5 \times 10^{-4}\) | 0.0112 | 0.0088 | 0.960 | Medium-High |
GWO | \(8.7 \times 10^{-4}\) | 0.0125 | 0.0100 | 0.955 | Medium |
ChOA | \(1.1 \times 10^{-3}\) | 0.0142 | 0.0120 | 0.940 | Medium |
