Table 2 Variable limits.

From: An efficient approach for mathematical modeling and parameter estimation of PEM fuel based on Young’s double-slit experiment algorithm

Parameter

Upper bound

Lower bound

\(\delta _1\)

− 1.19969

− 0.8532

\(\delta _2\)

0.0043

0.0022

\(\delta _3\)

0.000098

0.000034

\(\delta _4\)

− 0.0000954

− 0.00026

B

0.2

0

\(\gamma\)

23

13