Table 3 Parameter settings for algorithms involved in the study.

From: An efficient approach for mathematical modeling and parameter estimation of PEM fuel based on Young’s double-slit experiment algorithm

Alg.,

Pop.,size (N)

Iterations(T)

Specific parameters (values)

References/notes

YDSE

30

1000

Wavelength (\(\lambda = 0.5\)), Path Difference (\(\Delta L = 0.2\))

Section 5 of the original YDSE paper.

SCA

30

1000

Crossover Probability = 0.8, Scaling Factor = 0.5

Parameters from SCA literature.

MFO

30

1000

Flame Count Reduction = Linear, Spiral Constant = 1.5

Commonly used configurations.

HHO

30

1000

Escape Energy (\(E_0 = 0.5\)), Jump Strength (\(J = 1.0\))

Standard HHO parameters.

GWO

30

1000

Pack Hierarchy (\(\alpha , \beta , \delta = 1.0\)), Convergence Parameter = 2.0

Based on GWO literature.

ChOA

30

1000

Probabilistic Factors (\(p = 0.7\), \(q = 0.3\)), Chaos Coefficient = 1.2

Standard parameter ranges used.

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