Fig. 2

Antibody levels to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) among the unvaccinated study participants over 24 months who were seropositive and seronegative at baseline. (a) Anti-spike IgG levels. (b) Anti-spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG levels. (c) Anti-nucleocapsid IgG levels. Percentage angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) inhibition levels to SARS-CoV-2 among the unvaccinated study participants over 24 months who were seropositive and seronegative at baseline. (d) Percentage ACE-2 inhibition levels to wild type (WT). (e) Percentage ACE-2 inhibition levels to Delta. (f) Percentage ACE-2 inhibition levels to the Omicron variant. The data are represented as individual values with median and interquartile range. Data were analyzed for statistical significance using with Mann–Whitney U test. P-values are indicated by asterisks as *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 and ns, no significant difference. AU/ml- arbitrary units/ml. N = 170 for Seropositive at baseline; N = 41 for Seronegative at baseline.