Table 4 Stepwise fitting for the First-Differenced Series.

From: Application of the adaptive sparrow search algorithm in medical supply engineering

Variables

Model

( 4 )

Model

( 5 )

Model

( 6 )

Constant

1.005

(2.758***)

0.999

(1.817*)

0.970

(0.660)

ar.L1

0.782

(6.588***)

0.807

(6.821***)

0.751

(4.437***)

ar.L2

−0.049

(−1.656)

\

\

ar.L3

−0.047

(−2.017**)

−0.029

(−1.079)

\

ar.L4

0.947

(36.193***)

0.927

(26.376***)

0.976

(47.116***)

ar.L5

−0.817

(−7.543***)

−0.837

(−7.663***)

−0.766

(−4.646***)

ma.L1

−0.570

(−3.348***)

−0.672

(−4.102***)

−0.500

(−2.318***)

sma.L4

−0.576

(−5.636***)

−0.435

(−3.428***)

−0.656

(−6.807***)

Sigma2

8.633

(7.306***)

9.507

(7.893***)

9.440

(7.499***)

  1. Note: ***, **, and * denote significance at the 1%, 5%, and 10% levels, respectively; coefficients are reported outside parentheses, and t-statistics are reported inside parentheses.