Fig. 6 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 6

From: Lipidomic and transcriptomic profiling reveal alterations in the coexistence of gestational diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia impacting maternal and neonatal outcomes

Fig. 6

Association of transcriptomic data with adverse birth outcomes and maternal defects. Heatmap displaying scaled median values of blood gas parameters across the four groups. Hierarchical clustering was performed using the ward.D2 method based on correlation distance. (B) Trend plots showing the fitted trends of blood gas parameters across the four groups, with colors representing different function categories of the parameters. (C) Enlarged heatmap highlighting genes Cluster 4, which is specifically up-regulated in the PG group. (D) Violin plots showing the expression levels of genes associated with muscle weakness (SPSB2 and LRRC56), neuronal defects (PDZD4 and GFRA2), and birth outcomes (TTN and MPO). Statistical significance was determined using the Wilcoxon test (*: p-value < 0.5 and ns: non-significant). (E) Forest plot summarizing the association between GDM, PE, PG and PD using data from in the UKB and FinnGen databases. Results are presented as odds ratios (OR) with 95% CI (UKB) and hazard ratios (HR) with 95% CI (FinnGen), along with p-values.

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