Table 6 Comparison of parameters of ungrouted piles.

From: Field study of bearing performance of combined grouted piles in strongly weathered mudstone strata with bored piles

Soil layer

TS1

TS2

TS3

Average side resistance (kPa)

Survey side resistance (kPa)

Range of changes

Side resistance (kPa)

Side resistance (kPa)

Side resistance (kPa)

Plain fill â‘ 

8.4

7.1

7.8

7.7

7

10%

Fine sand â‘£

22.8

18.9

19.4

20.2

20

1%

Strongly weathered mudstone ⑤1

129.4

116.1

108

117.8

100

17.8%

Strongly weathered sandstone ⑤2

128.4

122

102.2

117.5

90

30.5%

Moderately weathered sandy mudstone â‘¥1

172.3

161.4

142.1

158.6

130

22%