Fig. 8 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 8

From: Comparison of barbed suture and nonbarbed suture for laparoscopic cholecystoduodenostomy in rabbits: a randomized controlled trial

Fig. 8

Comparison of collagen content (CVF) and the expression of TGF-β1, α-SMA and IL-6(OD) among three groups at all time points. All parameters were quantitatively analyzed. SFB group exhibited consistently higher levels than SSB/PDS group (*p < 0.05 at indicated time points), while SSB and PDS groups showed comparable expression. Trends were largely consistent across all markers.

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