Fig. 11
From: Adaptive differential current relay based on form/ripple factors for busbar current signals
(a) The average values of three phases directionality factors (DFav, DFbv and DFcv) in the case of internal SLG fault with CT saturation. (b) The calculated maximum form and ripple factors (FFi and RFi). (c) The calculated form and ripple factors (FFix and RFix). (d) The calculated operating characteristic slope of differential relay (Ks1 and Ks2). (a–d) Response of adaptive busbar differential relay for case study 2.
