Table 1 Aerated plus EC and US plus EleC methods for pollutant removal from various types of wastewater.

From: Investigation on operating parameters for efficient reduction of contaminants from wastewater utilizing a combined airlift, sono, and electrocoagulation techniques

Treatment processes

Wastewater types

Optimal conditions

Removal efficiency,

Reference

Aerated-EC

Municipal stabilized landfill leachate

J = 30 mAcm−2, time = 60 min and pH = 7.3.

NH4–N = 25.6%, TN = 23.67%, COD = 25.6% and TOC = 28.7%

100

Aerated continuous EC

River water

HRT = 12 min, electrode spacing = 2 cm, 9 V, electrode = Al–Al

COD = 61.4% TCL 71.5%

101

Aeration assisted electrochemical peroxidation

Landfill leachate

Treatment period = 120 min, pH = 3, voltage = 6 V, Fe2+ = 1.5 g L−1, H2O2 = 3 ml L−1, Electrode pair = Fe-Al

COD = 91%, Color = 95%

102

Aerated + EC

Oily

Conductivity = 1780 ± 11 µS cm−1. pH = 3.8, J = 120 A m−2

COD = 93.3%

45

Aerated + EC

Automobile wash

Electrode spacing = 5 cm, ime = 40 min, pH = 6; J = 25 Am−2, stirring speed = 200 rpm.

COD = 95.1% oil & grease = 92.5

103

US assisted EC

Tetracycline

Time = 5-min, electrode configuration = Al-Fe-Fe-Fe, pH = 6, J = 50 A m−2, TC = 100 mg L−1, airflow volume = 2 L min−1, conductivity = 1000 µS cm−1, connection type = MP-P

TC = 100%, COD = 97.5%,

48

Sono-EC

Distillery

Ultrasonic power = 50, J = 198 Am−2, pHi= 7, time = 48 min

COD = 93%, color = 88%

104

Sono-EC

Dye effluent

pH = 6.6, J = 6.66 mA/cm2, ET = 25 min, and UP = 100 W

Dye = 98.30%, energy consumption = 0.1188 kW h/L.

105

Sono-EC

Landfill leachate

pH: 5.7, time: 80 min, direct current: 1.9 A

COD = 86%

106

Ultrasonic-assisted electrochemical

Textile industry

pH = 7.3, J = 15.7 mA cm−2, processing duration = 21.5 min, ultrasonic power = 420 W

Color = 97&, COD = 66%, Turbidity = 79%

107

Sono-EC

Wastewater

J = 1 A dm−2

,pH = 5, electrolyte concentration = 6 g L−1, inter-electrode distance = 1 cm, time = 45 min

COD = 97.50, color = 100% and Power consumption = 0.55

KWhm−3

52

Sono-EC

Oily

Cycles = 10.948, J = 107.12 A m−2, Flow rate = 0.468 L s−1.

Oil = 93.3%

108

Ultrasound-assisted electrocoagulation

Swine slaughterhouse

Current = 5 A, Potential = 6 V, Distance between electrodes = 10 mm, Time = 60 min, Electrode = Al

Color = 97%, Turbidity = 97.4%, BOD = 93%, Oil & grease = 90%.

30

AL/EC

Landfill Leachate

J = 1 A dm−2, AFR = 25 L h−1, COD = 3200 mg L−1, ConElec = 4 g L−1, pH = 7, EleCom = Fe/Fe, TT = 3 h, and IES = 1 cm

Color = 94%

COD = 100%

This study

US/EC

Landfill Leachate

J = 1 A dm−2, COD = 3200 mg L−1, ConElec = 4 g L−1, pH = 7, EleCom = Fe/Fe, USp = 100 Watts, TT = 3 h, and IES = 1 cm

Color = 87.25%

COD = 75%

This study

AL/US/EC

Landfill Leachate

J = 1 A dm−2, AFR = 25 L h−1 COD = 3200 mg L−1, ConElec = 4 g L−1, pH = 7, EleCom = Fe/Fe, USp = 100 Watts, TT = 3 h, and IES = 1 cm

Color = 100%

COD = 100%

This study

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