Table 8 Key Core-Level binding energies (eV) in CuO(Nd)/ZnO and ZnO(Nd)/CuO compared with standard References.

From: Nd-doped CuO/ZnO and ZnO/CuO heterojunctions for simultaneous UV blocking and malachite green detoxification

Element & Level

Reference Value

CuO(Nd)/ZnO

ZnO(Nd)/CuO

Zn 2p₃/₂

1021.0

1022.0

1022.5

Zn 2p₁/₂

1044.0

1045.1

1045.6

Cu 2p₃/₂

932.6

932.6

933.2

Cu 2p₁/₂

952.5

952.5

953.6

O 1s

530.0

530.3

530.4

Nd 3d₅/₂

980.0

980.2

982.5

Nd 3d₃/₂

1002.0

1001.4

1001.1

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