Table 1 Patients characteristics at diagnosis and during clinical course.
Total | Derivation group | Validation group | P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | ||
1165 | (100.0) | 932 | (100.0) | 233 | (100.0) | ||
Age (y), mean (SD) | 70.7 | (± 11.4) | 70.5 | (± 11.5) | 71.7 | (± 11.4) | 0.26 |
Sex, male | 371 | (31.8) | 290 | (31.1) | 81 | (35.2) | 0.24 |
Smoking habit | 267 | (22.9) | 214 | (25.8) | 53 | (26.4) | 0.86 |
Body mass index (N = 969), mean (SD) | 19.7 | (± 3.0) | 19.6 | (± 3.0) | 19.9 | (± 3.2) | 0.16 |
Pulmonary comorbidities | |||||||
Tuberculosis sequelae | 89 | (7.6) | 64 | (6.9) | 25 | (10.7) | 0.05 |
Interstitial pneumonia | 59 | (5.1) | 48 | (5.2) | 11 | (4.7) | 0.87 |
COPD | 35 | (3.0) | 27 | (2.9) | 8 | (3.4) | 0.67 |
Bronchial asthma | 33 | (2.8) | 25 | (2.7) | 8 | (3.4) | 0.51 |
Chronic respiratory failure with home oxygen therapy | 32 | (2.7) | 21 | (2.3) | 11 | (4.8) | 0.04 |
Systemic comorbidities | |||||||
Connective tissue diseases | 101 | (8.7) | 85 | (9.1) | 16 | (6.9) | 0.30 |
Diabetes mellitus | 83 | (7.1) | 66 | (7.1) | 17 | (7.3) | 0.89 |
Congestive heart failure | 28 | (2.4) | 24 | (2.6) | 4 | (1.7) | 0.63 |
Dementia | 29 | (2.5) | 25 | (2.7) | 4 | (1.7) | 0.49 |
Renal disease | 14 | (1.2) | 12 | (1.3) | 2 | (0.9) | 0.75 |
AIDS | 3 | (0.3) | 3 | (0.3) | 0 | (0) | > 0.99 |
Medications for comorbidities | |||||||
Oral corticosteroids | 83 | (7.1) | 70 | (7.5) | 13 | (5.6) | 0.39 |
Inhaled corticosteroids | 24 | (2.1) | 18 | (1.9) | 6 | (2.6) | 0.60 |
Immunosuppressants | 58 | (5.0) | 51 | (5.5) | 7 | (3.0) | 0.13 |
Biological agents | 8 | (0.7) | 8 | (0.9) | 0 | (0) | 0.37 |
Laboratory data, mean (SD) | |||||||
Albumin (g/dL) (N = 991) | 3.84 | (± 0.65) | 3.84 | (± 0.64) | 3.82 | (± 0.70) | 0.87 |
ESR (mm/h) (N = 467) | 34.1 | (± 26.2) | 33.6 | (± 25.6) | 38.9 | (± 28.7) | 0.77 |
White blood cell count (/µL) (N = 1094) | 6246 | (± 2804) | 6290 | (± 2833) | 6062 | (± 2677) | 0.37 |
Lymphocyte count (/µL) (N = 1085) | 1424 | (± 696) | 1422 | (± 701) | 1429 | (± 678) | 0.95 |
Causative mycobacteria | |||||||
Mycobacterium avium | 517 | (44.4) | 414 | (44.4) | 103 | (44.2) | > 0.99 |
Mycobacterium intracellulare | 648 | (55.6) | 518 | (55.6) | 130 | (55.8) | > 0.99 |
Radiological features (N = 1164) | |||||||
Bronchiectasis | 887 | (76.2) | 715 | (76.8) | 172 | (73.8) | 0.34 |
Cavity formation | 296 | (25.4) | 232 | (24.9) | 64 | (27.5) | 0.45 |
Cavity formation ≥ 2 cm | 167 | (14.3) | 123 | (13.2) | 44 | (18.9) | 0.04 |
Cavity formation ≥ 2 lobes | 94 | (8.1) | 76 | (8.2) | 18 | (7.7) | 0.89 |
Radiological patterns (N = 1165) | |||||||
Non-cavitary NB pattern | 760 | (65.2) | 609 | (65.3) | 151 | (64.8) | 0.88 |
Cavitary NB pattern | 214 | (18.4) | 170 | (18.2) | 44 | (18.9) | 0.85 |
Fibrocavitary pattern | 48 | (4.1) | 37 | (4.0) | 11 | (4.7) | 0.583 |
Others | 143 | (12.3) | 116 | (12.5) | 27 | (11.6) | 0.82 |
Observation period (month), mean (SD) | 61.0 | (± 44.7) | 61.7 | (± 45.1) | 58.2 | (± 42.9) | 0.40 |
Development of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis | 39 | (3.3) | 33 | (3.5) | 6 | (2.6) | 0.55 |
Treatment initiation within 5 years | 656 | (56.3) | 527 | (26.6) | 129 | (55.4) | 0.77 |
All-cause mortality during the study period | 183 | (15.7) | 142 | (15.3) | 41 | (17.6) | 0.37 |
Respiratory infection related Mortality during the study period | 67 | (5.8) | 51 | (5.5) | 16 | (6.9) | 0.43 |
