Table 2 DCMD performances against 3.5 wt % NaCl of fabricated composite electrospun nanofibrous membrane in this work and in other literature.

PVDF/ZnO NP

200

-

0.42

145.2

115

40

13.3^a

10

¹³

PVDF-HFP/SiO₂ NP

 ~ 175

82.3

1.34

 > 150

87.8

33

15

240

¹⁵

PVDF-HFP/CNT

257

 > 84

0.29

158.5

99

40

29.5

10

⁴²

PVDF/FAS/TiO₂ (in-situ grown)

375

57

0.81

157.7

158

45

73.4

10

³⁰

PVDF/PDA/PEI

-

-

0.017

25.7^d

-

40

 ~ 13

24

⁴³

PVDF-HFP/FAS

94

78

0.84

138^e

160

40

19

5

⁴⁴

PVDF/GO

144

90

-

143.9

61

60

40

10

⁴⁵

PVDF/MWCNT

124.3

92.3

-

141.5

35

60

54

10

⁴⁵

PSF/FPU

440

95.4

-

155

108

60

53.8^a

32

⁴⁶

PVDF/PPO

1800

88.9

0.7

 ~ 137

126

40

17^b

100

⁴⁷

PVDF/SiO₂

175

77

0.26

160.5

195

60 °C feed,

9 kPa^c

31.5

15

¹⁴

PVDF/FAS/SiO₂

209

77

0.27

154.6

143

70 °C feed,

6 kPa^c

11.5

22

⁵

PVA/glutaraldehyde/FAS

 ~ 155

82

0.46

158

179

60 °C feed,

9 kPa^c

25.2

16

⁴⁸

PVDF/Al₂O₃

236

87.5

0.39

154

172

40f.

18.6

30

²²

PVDF/FAS/TiO₂ (integrated electrospin + electrospray)

176

82

0.96

139

194

45

22.5

24

This work