Table 3 The characteristics at baseline across quartile of the DAI score in the control group.

From: The association between dietary antioxidant index with tumor size, proliferation marker, and the odds of breast cancer in Iranian women

Characteristics (mean (SD)

DAI quartiles

P – value*

Q1

(N = 45)

Q2

(N = 44)

Q3

(N = 34)

Q4

(N = 32)

Total

(N = 155)

DAI score

-1.01 ± 1.73a, b,c

5.02 ± 1.62d, e

11.25 ± 1.69f

25.66 ± 12.10

8.89 ± 11.15

< 0.001

Age (years)

51.93 ± 12.27a, b,c

46.59 ± 11.33e

45.15 ± 8.12

40.97 ± 8.89

46.66 ± 11.15

< 0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

25.78 ± 4.34

25.86 ± 3.90

26.63 ± 3.97

25.44 ± 5.32

25.92 ± 4.34

0.72

P.A (metmin/week)

702.25 ± 744.10a

1032.71 ± 987.26e

769.41 ± 703.12

540.45 ± 339.29

777.39 ± 769.04

0.03

Energy (kcal/d)

1640.16 ± 306.75a, b,c

2028.16 ± 244.72d, e

2615.08 ± 351.00f

3185.88 ± 616.47

2283.27 ± 692.50

< 0.001

Magnesium (mg)

252.90 ± 50.93a, b,c

327.90 ± 66.95d, e

409.28 ± 87.21f

478.16 ± 179.37

355.00 ± 130.98

< 0.001

Vitamin C (mg)

70.93 ± 48.48b, c

95.39 ± 39.68e

121.54 ± 46.08f

162.27 ± 111.99

107.83 ± 72.04

< 0.001

Vitamin A (RE)

388.15 ± 114.16a, b,c

586.21 ± 313.47e

736.48 ± 268.06f

905.69 ± 555.98

627.63 ± 380.41

< 0.001

Vitamin E (mg)

11.64 ± 2.73a, b,c

15.43 ± 3.61d, e

19.69 ± 4.54f

36.47 ± 16.93

19.61 ± 12.27

< 0.001

Zinc (mg)

8.71 ± 1.73a, b,c

11.34 ± 1.75d, e

13.99 ± 2.51f

15.88 ± 3.95

12.09 ± 3.67

< 0.001

Selenium (µg)

71.74 ± 21.72a, b,c

92.20 ± 28.59d, e

109.37 ± 25.03

122.58 ± 45.86

96.30 ± 35.82

< 0.001

  1. Data are means ± SD for quantitative variables. *. From ANOVA for quantitative variables.
  2. Post hoc (LSD) according to the following pattern:
  3. aSignificant difference between the reference group compared to the second quartile.
  4. bSignificant difference between the reference group compared to the third quartile.
  5. cSignificant difference between the reference group compared to the forth quartile.
  6. dSignificant difference between the second quartile compared to the third quartile.
  7. eSignificant difference between the second quartile compared to the forth quartile.
  8. fSignificant difference between the third quartile compared to the forth quartile.
  9. DAI: Dietary antioxidant index, BMI; body mass index, PA: physical activity.
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