Table 1 Characteristics of the study subjects.

From: Long-term exposure to air pollution and liver fibrosis in the elderly with MASLD

 

Total (N = 23,887)

MAF-5 < 1 (N = 20,174)

MAF-5 ≥ 1 (N = 3713)

P

Age, years

71.0 ± 5.1

70.9 ± 5.0

71.8 ± 5.3

 < 0.001

Male

8376 (35.1)

6744 (33.4)

1632 (44.0)

 < 0.001

Current smoker

2470 (10.3)

2031 (10.1)

439 (11.8)

 < 0.001

Drinkers

1748(7.3)

1406(7.0)

342(9.2)

 < 0.001

Physical activity

   

0.012

  Inactive

7038 (29.5)

5938 (29.4)

1100 (29.6)

 

  Occasional

2562 (10.7)

2110 (10.5)

452 (12.2)

 

  Often

3902 (16.3)

3323 (16.5)

579 (15.6)

 

  Daily

10,385 (43.5)

8803 (43.6)

1582 (42.6)

 

BMI, kg/m2

25.7 ± 3.0

25.4 ± 2.8

27.3 ± 3.3

 < 0.001

ALT, U/L

21.0 (16.0–28.0)

20.0 (16.0–26.0)

32.0 (23.1–46.0)

 < 0.001

AST, U/L

21.0 (18.0–25.7)

20.1 (17.9–24.0)

28.6 (23.5–38.0)

 < 0.001

TC, mmol/l

5.3 (4.5–6.1)

5.3 (4.6–6.1)

5.1 (4.2–5.9)

 < 0.001

TG, mmol/l

1.6 (1.2–2.2)

1.6 (1.2–2.2)

1.7 (1.3–2.4)

 < 0.001

HDL, mmol/l

1.3 ± 0.3

1.3 ± 0.3

1.3 ± 0.3

 < 0.001

LDL, mmol/l

3.2 ± 0.9

3.2 ± 0.9

3.0 ± 1.0

 < 0.001

SBP, mmHg

140.5 ± 17.4

140.2 ± 17.4

142.1 ± 17.3

 < 0.001

DBP, mmHg

81.1 ± 9.9

81.0 ± 9.8

81.6 ± 10.1

 < 0.001

FBG, mmol/l

6.7 ± 2.1

6.4 ± 2.0

8.0 ± 2.5

 < 0.001

Fibrosis-4 score

1.4 (1.1–1.8)

1.4 (1.1–1.7)

1.8 (1.4–2.3)

 < 0.001

Diabetes

9134 (38.2)

5843 (29.0)

3291 (88.6)

 < 0.001

Central obesity

14,157 (59.3)

11,078 (54.9)

3079 (82.9)

 < 0.001

Hypertension

18,512 (77.5)

15,346 (76.1)

3166 (85.3)

 < 0.001

O3, μg/m3

104.48 ± 2.64

104.46 ± 2.63

104.60 ± 2.66

0.004

CO, μg/m3

0.642 ± 0.044

0.642 ± 0.044

0.643 ± 0.042

 < 0.001

NO2, μg/m3

25.61 ± 1.69

25.61 ± 1.69

25.63 ± 1.68

0.45

SO2, μg/m3

8.21 ± 0.90

8.21 ± 0.91

8.22 ± 0.86

0.28

PM2.5, μg/m3

22.77 ± 1.27

22.76 ± 1.27

22.82 ± 1.25

0.005

PM10, μg/m3

41.32 ± 1.97

41.30 ± 1.98

41.45 ± 1.94

 < 0.001

  1. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range), or the number (%) of participants with a condition.
  2. The missing numbers for ALT, TC, TG, HDL, LDL, SBP, DBP, FBG, Fibrosis-4 score, O3, and smoke status data were 2, 5, 7,7, 11, 10, 9, 74, 2, 281 and 4.
  3. MAF-5 metabolic dysfunction-associated fibrosis 5, BMI body mass index, ALT alanine transaminase, AST aspartate transaminase, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, FBG fasting blood glucose; NO2 nitrogen dioxide, O3 ozone, SO2 sulfur dioxide, CO carbon monoxide, PM particulate matter.
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