Table 1 FA profile in plasma, TG and RBC samples of control, hyper-TG and HIAP groups.

Palmitic acid

(16:0)

41.97 ± 2.83

40.43 ± 1.29

46.58 ± 0.69

35.62 ± 3.36

26.88 ± 2.76

35.78 ± 1.18 **

34.61 ± 0.66

36.71 ± 1.09

34.11 ± 0.63*

Stearic acid (18:0)

6.17 ± 1.20

7.23 ± 0.75

3.96 ± 0.90*

1.70 ± 0.69

1.56 ± 0.60

1.14 ± 0.19

16.00 ± 0.90

18.13 ± 2.66

12.68 ± 0.81

*,^∆

Arachidic acid (20:0 )

4.34 ± 2.45

n.d

n.d

0.22 ± 0.13

3.41 ± 3.26

n.d

0.33 ± 0.12

0.55 ± 0.09

1.43 ± 0.78

Total SFA

52.48 ± 2.62

47.67 ± 1.18

50.54 ± 0.91

37.54 ± 3.40

31.85 ± 5.96

36.92 ± 1.09

50.93 ± 1.14

55.39 ± 3.54

48.22 ± 0.46 *,^∆

Palmitoleic acid (16:1 ω-7)

0.17 ± 0.08

0.43 ± 0.19

0.28 ± 0.12

1.72 ± 0.41

1.77 ± 1.00

2.86 ± 0.63

0.99 ± 0.27

1.31 ± 0.61

1.21 ± 0.22

Oleic acid (OA, 18:1 ω-9)

16.61 ± 0.78

16.68 ± 1.00

15.90 ± 0.43

27.56 ± 3.96

19.40 ± 4.58

36.30 ± 0.83 ***,^∆

17.61 ± 1.41

12.90 ± 4.72

14.19 ± 2.36

Gondoic acid (GA, 20:1 ω-9 )

1.78 ± 1.36

n.d

n.d

8.22 ± 4.92

13.98 ± 5.70

n.d*

0.20 ± 0.07

0.56 ± 0.15^∆

1.21 ± 0.81

Total MUFA

18.56 ± 1.88

17.11 ± 0.88

16.17 ± 0.41

37.50 ± 3.21

35.15 ± 5.75

39.16 ± 1.19

18.80 ± 1.65

14.77 ± 5.13

16.61 ± 1.76

Linoleic acid (LA, 18:2 ω-6)

11.70 ± 1.59

22.18 ± 0.94

^∆∆∆

20.73 ± 0.73 ^∆∆

15.47 ± 2.18

12.39 ± 2.39

21.52 ± 1.02

**^,∆

17.35 ± 1.45

17.71 ± 0.58

16.26 ± 0.61

Gamma-linolenic acid (18:3 ω-6)

n.d

0.16 ± 0.09

0.30 ± 0.13

0.44 ± 0.30

0.76 ± 0.30

0.77 ± 0.24

n.d

n.d

n.d

Dihomo-gamma- linolenic acid (20:3 ω-6)

0.58 ± 0.22

1.60 ± 0.37^∆

6.27 ± 1.24

**^,∆∆∆

0.17 ± 0.13

1.02 ± 0.87

0.54 ± 0.24

0.90 ± 0.21

0.33 ± 0.15^∆

1.27 ± 0.21**

Arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4 ω-6)

5.91 ± 0.56

7.62 ± 0.76

2.81 ± 1.17 **^,∆

3.52 ± 2.12

0.56 ± 0.22

0.30 ± 0.14

7.51 ± 0.86

7.77 ± 1.18

11.46 ± 0.65

*^,∆∆

Docosa-pentaenoic acid (22:5 ω-6 )

0.63 ± 0.42

0.44 ± 0.36

n.d

n.d

2.72 ± 1.34

0.30 ± 0.14

0.99 ± 0.14

1.12 ± 0.25

1.80 ± 0.08 *^,∆∆∆

ω-6 PUFA

7.12 ± 0.62

9.82 ± 0.97

^∆∆

9.39 ± 0.37

^∆∆

4.19 ± 2.58

5.05 ± 2.10

1.91 ± 0.14

9.40 ± 1.02

9.22 ± 1.33

14.53 ± 0.53

***^,∆∆∆

Alpha linolenic acid (18:3 ω-3)

n.d

n.d

n.d

0.48 ± 0.16

n.d^∆

n.d^∆∆

n.d

n.d

n.d

Eicosa-pentaenoic acid (20:5 ω-3 )

1.96 ± 0.70

0.89 ± 0.24

0.72 ± 0.35

1.72 ± 0.93

3.17 ± 1.98

0.12 ± 0.07

0.63 ± 0.19

0.30 ± 0.17

1.02 ± 0.43

Docosa-pentaenoic acid (22:5 ω-3 )

3.21 ± 1.37

0.45 ± 0.11

0.25 ± 0.08

0.64 ± 0.35

4.52 ± 3.04

0.04 ± 0.03

0.89 ± 0.19

0.70 ± 0.13

1.09 ± 0.05**

Docosa-hexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 ω-3)

4.97 ± 1.06

1.89 ± 0.31

2.20 ± 0.19

2.46 ± 1.77

7.81 ± 1.89

0.32 ± 0.12 ***

2.00 ± 0.27

1.92 ± 0.31

2.28 ± 0.19

ω-3 PUFA

10.14 ± 2.34

3.23 ± 0.48^∆

3.17 ± 0.46^∆

4.82 ± 2.21

15.50 ± 3.83^∆

0.48 ± 0.20 ***

3.52 ± 0.51

2.91 ± 032

4.39 ± 0.65