Table 7 Comparison of electrical aspects of test PV modules under scenarios 1, 2 and 3.

From: Performance and water-energy nexus aspects of stagnant water layer cooled zero-tilt solar photovoltaic module

Electrical Aspects

Scenario 1

Scenario 2

Scenario 3

Reference PV Module

Seawater PV Module

Deviation Between Seawater and Reference PV Module

Reference PV Module

Tap Water PV Module

Deviation Between Tap Water and Reference PV Module

Reference PV Module

Desalinated Water PV Module

Deviation Between Desalinated water and Reference PV Module

Maximum Power Output (W)

7.23

7.65

5.8%

7.20

8.10

12.5%

6.4

7.38

15.3%

Minimum Power Output (W)

0.53

0.75

41.5%

0.35

0.45

28.6%

0.40

0.55

37.5%

Daily Average Power Output (W)

4.64

5.33

14.9%

4.63

5.38

16.2%

4.04

5.18

28.2%

Maximum Electrical Efficiency

(%)

6.84

7.68

12.3%

6.57

7.85

19.5%

6.85

8.16

19.1%

Minimum Electrical Efficiency

(%)

2.31

3.17

37.2%

1.15

1.90

65.2%

2.10

3.11

48.1%

Daily Average Electrical Efficiency

(%)

5.26

6.11

16.2%

5.21

6.18

18.6%

5.00

6.54

30.8%

Daily Average Energy Output

(Wh/d)

33.61

38.63

14.9%

33.55

39.11

16.6%

29.29

37.57

28.3%