Table 9 Daily energy generation and estimated water loss by evaporation in a solar PV array of 1.0 KWP capacity in Visakhapatnam.

From: Performance and water-energy nexus aspects of stagnant water layer cooled zero-tilt solar photovoltaic module

Month

Solar Energy

Estimated Daily Water Evaporation Loss

Estimated Daily Energy Generation

Energy Improvement Compared to Reference PV Module

 

(L/d)

(Wh/d)

(Wh/d)

(MJ/m2d)

Seawater

Tap Water

Desalinated Water

Reference PV Module

Seawater PV Module

Tap Water PV Module

Desalinated Water PV Module

Seawater PV Module

Tap Water PV Module

Desalinated Water PV Module

January

18.8

43.2

48.4

55.8

2954.7

3400.7

3411.2

3772.5

446.0

456.5

817.8

February

20.9

47.9

53.7

61.8

3276.2

3770.7

3782.3

4183.0

494.6

506.1

906.8

March

23.3

53.5

60.0

69.0

3658.2

4210.4

4223.3

4670.8

552.2

565.1

1012.6

April

25.2

57.9

64.9

74.7

3957.8

4555.2

4569.2

5053.3

597.4

611.4

1095.5

May

22.6

51.9

58.2

67.0

3550.8

4086.8

4099.4

4533.7

536.0

548.6

982.9

June

17.8

40.8

45.7

52.7

2790.4

3211.6

3221.5

3562.8

421.2

431.1

772.4

July

13.1

30.0

33.6

38.7

2050.5

2360.0

2367.3

2618.1

309.5

316.8

567.6

August

14.1

32.3

36.2

41.6

2206.7

2539.8

2547.6

2817.5

333.1

340.9

610.8

September

13.0

29.9

33.6

38.6

2047.3

2356.3

2363.5

2613.9

309.0

316.3

566.7

October

17.8

40.9

45.9

52.8

2798.6

3221.1

3231.0

3573.3

422.5

432.4

774.7

November

19.2

44.1

49.5

57.0

3019.1

3474.8

3485.5

3854.8

455.7

466.4

835.7

December

17.5

40.2

45.1

51.9

2751.1

3166.4

3176.1

3512.5

415.3

425.0

761.5