Fig. 4

Multivariate analysis of growth parameters in nine bean landraces under bacterial treatments. (A) Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showing the distribution of treatments and growth parameters, with ellipses representing the 95% confidence interval. PC1 (46.76%) and PC2 (31.63%) together explain 78.39% of the variance. (B) Spearman’s correlation matrix among growth parameters of bean landraces. Correlation coefficients are represented by color intensity, positive values in orange, negative values in blue. Values with an “**” indicate significant correlations (P > 0.05).