Table 6 Other parameter settings of each optimization algorithm.

From: Optimization of TCN-BiLSTM for dissolved oxygen prediction based on improved sparrow search algorithm

Algorithm

Parameters

PSO

\(\omega =1,{c}_{1}=2,{c}_{2}=2\)

BOA

\(\alpha is iterated from 0.1 to 0.3\)

WOA

\(b=1\)

SSA

\(ST=0.8,PD=0.2,SD=0.2\)

ISSA

\(ST=0.8,PD=0.2,SD=0.2\)