Table 2 All outcomes.

Outcomes	n	CA patient, No	NCA patient, No	RR/WMD(95%CI)	P^a	I²	P^b
1. HF events	19	12,122	13,990	0.63(0.51,0.77)	<0.0001	80.50%	<0.0001
2. CV mortality	10	1619	2671	0.54(0.45,0.66)	<0.0001	32.30%	0.13
3. All-cause mortality	22	12,536	14,411	0.57(0.46,0.70)	<0.0001	74.30%	<0.0001
4. CV hospitalization	3	455	506	0.81(0.71,0.93)	0.002	36.30%	0.18
5. All-cause hospitalization	6	2697	748,180	0.87(0.76,0.996)	0.040	68.40%	0.001
6. AF recurrence	15	1526	1534	0.45(0.36,0.57)	<0.0001	89.00%	<0.0001
7. SR maintenance	13	1037	1034	3.08(2.19,4.34)	<0.0001	85.70%	<0.0001
8. Stroke/TIA events	10	11,207	12,331	0.69(0.57,0.83)	<0.0001	31.00%	0.14
9. Change in LVEF(%)	21	1360	1520	6.36(4.63,8.09)	<0.0001	92.50%	<0.0001
10. Change in LA(mm)	6	371	399	−5.11(−7.52,−2.69)	<0.0001	92.10%	<0.0001
11. Change in BNP(pg/ml)	5	151	147	−120.54(−160.85,−80.22)	<0.0001	0.00%	0.73
12. Change in NT-proBNP (ng/L)	4	111	111	−731.70 (−816.49, −646.90)	<0.0001	5.70%	0.37
13. Change in 6MWT(m)	9	634	619	21.79 (2.45, 41.12)	0.030	77.00%	<0.0001
14. Change in NYHA(score)	8	285	265	−0.69 (−0.92, −0.45)	<0.0001	78.50%	<0.0001
15. Change in peak VO2 (ml/kg/min)	3	68	65	3.43 (1.53, 5.34)	<0.0001	0.00%	0.73
16. Change in MLHFQ(points)	11	773	746	−10.21 (−15.08, −5.34)	<0.0001	81.40%	<0.0001

Notes: HF: heart failure; CV: Cardiovascular mortality; AF: atrial fibrillation; SR: Sinus rhythm; TIA: Transient ischemic attack; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction;LA: left atrium;BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; NT-proBNP: N-terminal fragment of the prohormone brain natriuretic peptide; 6MWT: 6-minute walk test;NYHA: New York Heart Association; MLHFQ: Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire; CA: catheter ablation;NCA: non-catheter ablation; WMD: Weighted mean difference; CI: confidence interval; RR: risk ratio; P^a for RR; P^b for Heterogeneity; In cases where the same study includes data from two separate groups due to different follow-up times, patients and article counts are recorded only once.

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