Table 2 Comparisons between junior (residents and fellows) and experienced (senior) surgeons for their surgical experience and use of virtual reality simulators.

From: Global trends and practice patterns in virtual reality simulation training for ophthalmic surgery: an international survey use of virtual reality simulation training around the world

 

Residents and fellows (group B)

n = 1281

Senior Surgeons (group A)

n = 411

P value

Gender

Females, n(%)

68 (54%)

17 (41%)

0.18

Number of cataract surgeries performed, mean +/- SD

80 +/- 155

4598 +/- 5464

< 0.001*

Simulator used, n (%)

EyeSi only

55 (43%)

19 (46.3%)

0.592

HelpMeSee only

22 (17.2%)

5 (12.2%)

Several simulators

47 (36.7%)

14 (34.1%)

EyeSi and HelpMeSee

43

12

EyeSi and Other

4

2

Other only

4 (3.1%)

3 (7.3%)

Total time spent on simulator (hours), mean +/- SD

28.2 +/- 32.1

151.3 +/- 656.6

0.04*

Highest module reached on EyeSi, n (% from EyeSi users)

CAT-A

74 (73%)

20 (61%)

 

CAT-B

59 (58%)

14 (42%)

 

CAT-C

51 (50%)

13 (39%)

 

CAT-D

38 (37%)

16 (48%)

0.05*

VRT-A

11 (11%)

7 (21%)

 

VRT-B

5 (4.9%)

7 (21%)

 

VRT-C

4 (3.9%)

6 (18%)

0.05*

Module passed on HelpMeSee, n (% from HelpMeSee users)

MSICS module

50 (77%)

13 (76%)

0.4

PHACO module

10 (15%)

7 (41%)

0.09

Complications module

10 (15%)

5 (29%)

0.4

Suturing module

10 (15%)

6 (35%)

0.2

MOST module

4 (6.2%)

4 (24%)

0.08

Mean simulation time (hours) in participants who have reached/passed:

CAT-D EyeSi

45 +/- 43.1 (n = 35)

59.7 +/- 67.7 (n = 14)

0.36

VRT-C EyeSi

47.5 +/- 37.7 (n = 4)

67 +/- 91.9 (n = 6)

0.7

MSICS module HelpMeSee

42.3 +/- 40.2 (n = 44)

496 +/- 1314 (n = 9)

0.02*

PHACO module HelpMeSee

18.4 +/- 15.5 (n = 7)

52.8 +/- 54.9 (n = 5)

0.14

Complication module HelpMeSee

38.6 +/- 15.3 (n = 5)

48 +/- 48.5 (n = 3)

0.69

Suturing module HelpMeSee

34.8 +/- 23.9 (n = 5)

53.5 +/- 41.1 (n = 4)

0.42

Estimated impact of simulation training on OR performances (from 0 to 10), mean +/- SD

5.8 +/- 3.3

4.5 +/- 3.8

0.032*

Favorable to surgical license, n (%)

68 (53.1%)

25 (61%)

0.38

Preferred simulator, n (%)

EyeSi

22 (35%)

5 (25%)

0.473

HelpMeSee

27 (42.9%)

12 (60%)

Several

1 (1.6%)

0

Other

1 (1.6%)

0

No preference

12 (19%)

3 (15%)

  1. CAT, cataract surgery; Phaco, phacoemulsification; MOST, Mechanics of Ophthalmic Surgery – Tissues, Tools, Thoughts; MSICS, Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery; OR, operating room; SD, standard deviation; VRT, vitreoretinal surgery.
  2. *Statistically significant Pour les moyennes : Independent samples Student t tests.
  3. 1One from the 170 respondents did not indicate his position.
  4. 2“Other only” was excluded as number of responses < 5, which is under the recommended marginal count for the validity of the independent Chi2 test.
  5. 3“Other only” and “Several” were excluded as number of responses < 5, which is under the recommended marginal count for the validity of the independent Chi2 test.
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