Fig. 3

Sources of data for left panels are:76,77,83,84,85.
Trends in rhino and tiger populations combined across both sites, and separately for Bardia and Chitwan (left), alongside reported incident counts caused by four megafauna species over the decade 2013–2022, combined and separately for Bardia and Chitwan (right). The significance level for correlation between population or incidents and year is denoted by ‘NS’, ‘*’, ‘**’, and ‘***’ which represent non-significant, 90%, 95%, and 99% significance levels respectively.