Table 5 A list of psychotropic drugs administered in patients showing NAS.

From: The impact of the number of non-opioid psychotropic medications and their co-exposures during pregnancy on short-term outcomes in full-term neonates

Case

GA

Number of drug

Maternal mental disorder

Psychotrophic drugs

Symptom

Congenital Anomalies

1

37

1

Obsessive–compulsive disorder

※Fluvoxamine (SSRI)

Tachypnea

 

2

37

2

Panic disorder

Depression

※Paroxetine (SSRI), Bromazepam (BZ)

Excitement, Apnea

 

3

38

2

Schizophrenia

※Risperidone, Blonanserin

Tachypnea

TAPVR

4

41

2

Epilepsy

※Sertraline (SSRI), Lacosamide

Somnolence, Apnea, Easy acridity

 

5

37

3

Schizophrenia

※Chlorpromazine, Flunitrazepam (BZ), Bromazepam (BZ)

Apnea, Hypoglycemia

 

6

38

3

Panic disorder

Depression

※Risperidone, ※Venlafaxine, Bromazepam (BZ),

Tremors, Hyperirritability, Apnea

 

7

38

3

Panic disorder

※Paroxetine (SSRI), Olanzapine, Lorazepam (BZ)

Somnolence, Shaking

Muscular rigidity

 

8

39

4

Schizophrenia

Quetiapine, Paliperidone, Nitrazepam(BZ), Eszopiclone

Somnolence, Shaking, Hyperirritability,

Tachypnea, Hypoglycemia

 

9

37

5

Bipolar disorder

※Fluvoxamine (SSRI), Bromazepam(BZ), Lamotrigine, Nortriptyline,

Lithium carbonate

Apnea, Tachypnea

 
  1. GA: Gestational ages, SSRI: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, BZ: Benzodiazepine.
  2. NAS: Neonatal abstinence syndrome, TAPVR: Total anomalous pulmonary venous return, CYP: cytochrome P450.
  3. ※ Drug- inhibiting CYP2D6 enzymes.