Table 8 Ablation Study of the Developed Model.

From: An innovative Squid Game Optimizer for enhanced channel estimation and massive MIMO detection using dilated adaptive RNNs

Terms

Dilated RNN with MSGO

Dilated RNN with attention mechanism

Dilated RNN

RNN

RNN with MSGO

MSGO with DARNN-AM (proposed)

MEP

42.552

50.995

50.318

53.372

48.098

39.636

SMAPE

0.795

0.538

0.794

0.902

0.977

0.444

MASE

139.870

136.090

146.220

137.860

140.730

133.300

MAE

17.305

6.430

17.533

8.895

12.713

4.131

RMSE

21.029

11.718

19.125

18.148

15.733

8.120

L1-NORM

590.190

593.620

593.460

592.120

597.790

585.730

L2-NORM

84.700

79.244

78.789

80.910

79.712

73.476

INIFINITY Norm

22.811

19.366

23.554

19.878

25.799

12.922