Table 1 Summary of key literature.

From: Spatial spillover effects of technological progress on energy intensity in China from the productivity improvement perspective

Author/Year

Research focus

Main findings

Reference

Aydin & Esen (2018)

TP → EI

Technological progress is a critical driver of EI reduction.

7

Liu & Liu (2013)

TP ↔ EI

TP entails both energy-saving and rebound effects; net impact is uncertain.

10

Yang (2017)

TP → EI

Generally acknowledges a negative effect of TP on EI.

11

Huang et al. (2022)

TP → Absorptive Capacity → EI

Technological absorptive capacity significantly enhances TP’s impact on EI.

14

Fan & Zheng (2019)

TP → EI (Kalman Filter)

Dynamic modeling confirms TP reduces EI.

15

Lin & Tan (2017)

TP → EI in Energy-Intensive Industries

TP significantly lowers EI in heavy industries.

16

Solangi et al. (2024)

Mechanisms of TP → EI

Highlights multidimensional implementation pathways of TP.

17

Imran et al. (2024)

Green Innovation → Clean Energy → EI

Green technologies promote the transition toward sustainable energy, lowering EI.

18

Wu et al. (2018)

Rebound Effect Perspective

TP may increase energy demand via economic scale expansion.

19

Ma et al. (2008)

TP →EI

In certain contexts, TP has led to increased EI.

20

Çabaş et al. (2024)

Share of Green Technologies → EI

An increasing share of green technology supports EI reduction.

21

Zhang & Cheng (2009)

TP in China (Steel & Power Industries)

New technologies improve energy efficiency in practical sectors.

22

Wen et al. (2020)

Spatial Spillover of TP → EI

TP in one region can spill over to affect others’ EI.

23

Zhang et al. (2024)

TP → Energy Consumption Structure

TP acts as a catalyst for structural optimization.

25

Lim et al. (2021)

TP → Renewable Energy Use → EI

TP fosters adoption of renewables, reducing fossil dependence and EI.

27

Shi & Yu (2024)

Renewable Energy Share → EI

Greater share of RES is associated with lower EI.

33

Jiao et al. (2024)

TP + Energy Structure → EI

TP and structural shifts jointly lower EI.

34

Yu et al. (2022)

Threshold Effects of RES → EI

Nonlinear effects of RES on EI, with significant heterogeneity.

35

Wang & Li (2022)

TP → Industrial Structure Upgrade → EI

TP promotes structural upgrading and resource efficiency.

36

Li et al. (2017)

Industrial Structure Adjustment → Energy Supply → EI

Adjustments reduce energy supply sources, curbing EI.

42

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