Table 1 Univariate analysis of factors influencing adherence to intervention referrals among women who screened positive for PPD.
Variable | Screened positive (N = 35,390) n (%) | Referral received (N = 30,408) n (%) | Non-adherence (N = 24,696) n (%) | Adherence (N = 5,712) n (%) | χ2 | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sociodemographic characteristics | |||||||
Maternal age | 16 ~ 20 | 832 (2.4) | 755 (2.5) | 611 (2.5) | 145 (2.5) | 0.399 | 0.940 |
21 ~ 27 | 14,609 (41.3) | 12,670 (41.7) | 10,273 (41.6) | 2,397 (42.0) | |||
28 ~ 34 | 16,495 (46.6) | 14,040 (46.2) | 11,417 (46.2) | 2,622(45.9) | |||
≥ 35 | 3,454 (9.7) | 2,943 (9.7) | 2,395 (9.7) | 548 (9.6) | |||
Education level | Junior school and below | 6,427 (18.2) | 5,667 (18.6) | 4,737 (19.2) | 930 (16.3) | 49.662 | < 0.001 |
High school | 12,186 (34.4) | 10,634 (35.0) | 8,431 (34.1) | 2,203 (38.6) | |||
Bachelor’s degree | 15,427 (43.6) | 13,008 (42.8) | 10,622 (43.0) | 2,386 (41.8) | |||
Master’s degree or higher | 1,349 (3.8) | 1,098 (3.6) | 905 (3.7) | 193 (3.4) | |||
Resident status | Permanent resident | 10,676(30.2) | 8,969 (29.5) | 2,387 (28.9) | 388 (32.2) | 59.730 | < 0.001 |
Temporary resident | 21,547(60.9) | 18,664 (61.4) | 15,180 (61.5) | 3,484 (61.0) | |||
Floating population | 3,167(8.9) | 2,775 (9.1) | 7,129 (9.6) | 1,840 (6.8) | |||
Economic status | Below CNY 120,000 | 1,246 (3.6) | 1,137 (3.8) | 931 (3.9) | 206 (3.6) | 5.337 | 0.069 |
CNY 120,000 ~ 240,000 | 6,514 (18.9) | 23,201 (78.0) | 18,821 (78.2) | 4,380 (77.2) | |||
Above CNY 240,000 | 26,763 (77.5) | 5,398 (18.2) | 4,310 (17.9) | 1,088 (19.2) | |||
Family structure | Nuclear family | 16,976 (49.2) | 14,583 (49.0) | 11,869 (49.3) | 2,714 (47.9) | 4.952 | 0.084 |
With parents | 4,295 (12.4) | 3,635 (12.2) | 2,949 (12.2) | 686 (12.1) | |||
With parents-in-law | 13,266 (38.4) | 11,529 (38.8) | 9,259 (38.5) | 2,270 (40.0) | |||
Psychological characteristics | |||||||
EPDS score | 10 ~ 13 | 23,725 (67.0) | 20,018 (65.8) | 16,185 (65.5) | 3,833 (67.1) | 4.997 | 0.025 |
> 13 | 11,665 (33.0) | 10,390 (34.2) | 8,511 (34.5) | 1,879 (32.9) | |||
Anxiety during pregnancy | No | 22,937 (66.6) | 19,489 (65.7) | 15,959 (66.5) | 3,530 (62.3) | 35.261 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 11,514 (33.4) | 10,189 (34.3) | 8,052 (33.5) | 2,137 (37.7) | |||
Depression during pregnancy | No | 27,697 (80.4) | 23,640 (79.6) | 19,242 (80.1) | 4,398 (77.6) | 16.905 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 6,770 (19.6) | 6,045 (20.4) | 4,779 (19.9) | 1,266 (22.4) | |||
Stressful life events | No | 31,904 (93.4) | 27,583 (93.2) | 22,322 (93.2) | 5,261 (93.2) | < 0.001 | 0.976 |
Yes | 2,232 (6.5) | 2,019 (6.8) | 1,635 (6.8) | 384 (6.8) | |||
Family history of mental illness | No | 34,052 (99.0) | 29,340 (99.0) | 23,754 (99.0) | 5,586 (98.7) | 3.788 | 0.052 |
Yes | 346 (1.0) | 305 (1.0) | 233 (1.0) | 72 (1.3) | |||
Previous history of mental illness | No | 34,185 (99.1) | 29,438 (99.1) | 23,828 (99.1) | 5,610 (98.9) | 1.783 | 0.182 |
Yes | 299 (0.9) | 267 (0.9) | 207 (0.9) | 60 (1.1) | |||
Obstetric characteristics | |||||||
Gravidity | 1 | 14,030 (40.0) | 11,980 (39.8) | 9,731 (39.8) | 2,249 (39.7) | 9.737 | 0.021 |
2 | 10,952 (31.3) | 9,429 (31.3) | 7,576 (31.0) | 1,853 (32.7) | |||
3 | 5,787 (16.5) | 4,983 (16.6) | 4,109 (16.8) | 874 (15.4) | |||
≥ 4 | 4,265 (12.2) | 3,721 (12.3) | 3,021 (12.4) | 691 (12.2) | |||
Parity | 1 | 19,799 (56.8) | 16,969 (56.7) | 13,776 (56.7) | 3,193 (56.7) | 0.122 | 0.941 |
2 | 13,016 (37.4) | 11,205 (37.4) | 9,091 (37.4) | 2,114 (37.5) | |||
≥ 3 | 2,017 (5.8) | 1,766 (5.9) | 1,439 (5.9) | 327 (5.8) | |||
Gestational age at delivery | < 37 | 1,525 (4.3) | 1,331 (4.4) | 1,080 (4.4) | 251 (4.4) | 0.144 | 0.931 |
37 ~ 41 | 31,242 (88.3) | 26,807 (88.2) | 21,779 (88.2) | 5,028 (88.0) | |||
≥ 42 | 2,623 (7.4) | 22,70 (7.5) | 1,837 (7.4) | 433 (7.6) | |||
Mode of delivery | Vaginal delivery | 22,698 (64.1) | 19,474 (64.0) | 15,879 (64.2) | 3,595 (62.9) | 3.668 | 0.055 |
Cesarean delivery | 12,692 (35.9) | 10,934 (36.0) | 8,817 (35.7) | 2,117 (37.1) | |||
Neonatal characteristics | |||||||
Multiple births | No | 34,646 (97.9) | 2,9764 (97.9) | 24,173 (97.9) | 5,591 (97.9) | < 0.001 | 1 |
Yes | 744 (2.1) | 644 (2.1) | 523 (2.1) | 121 (2.1) | |||
Feeding pattern | Breast | 19,331 (56.2) | 16,648 (56.2) | 13,656 (56.9) | 2,992 (53.0) | 38.477 | < 0.001 |
Mixed | 12,879 (37.4) | 11,067 (37.3) | 8,855 (36.9) | 2,212 (39.2) | |||
Bottle | 2,197 (6.4) | 1,920 (6.5) | 1,478 (6.2) | 442 (7.8) | |||
Apgar score | 7 ~ 10 | 35,013 (99.0) | 30,083 (99.0) | 24,438 (99.0) | 5,645 (98.9) | 0.500 | 0.479 |
0 ~ 6 | 345 (1.0) | 302 (1.0) | 240 (1.0) | 62 (1.1) | |||
Birth weight | Low birth weight | 2,224 (6.3) | 1,948 (6.4) | 1,574 (6.4) | 374 (6.5) | 0.252 | 0.881 |
Normal | 32,098 (90.7) | 27,530 (90.5) | 22,368 (90.6) | 5,162 (90.4) | |||
Large baby | 1,068 (3.0) | 930 (3.1) | 754 (3.0) | 176 (3.1) | |||
