Table 1 Demographic and baseline characteristics of the participants enrolled in the study.

From: Fermented pickles improve gut microbiota and immune profile in women in a community trial in rural Pakistan

 

Mango(water)

Mango (oil)

Carrot

Radish

Onion

Lemon

Control

P

n

32

31

33

32

32

32

31

 

Age of participant

28.4 ± 6.7

30.3 ± 8.0

32.2 ± 8.7

27.5 ± 7.1

26.7 ± 5.9

31.8 ± 7.5

34.3 ± 9.0

0.001*

Marital status

        

Married

31

25

31

26

27

30

27

0.23

Pregnancy status

        

Yes

4

2

4

0

4

3

0

0.25

SES (Wealth scores)

−0.2 ± 0.9

0.3 ± 0.8

−0.3 ± 1.1

−0.3 ± 1.0

0.1 ± 1.1

0.3 ± 1.1

0.1 ± 0.9

0.020*

Systolic pressure

110.7 ± 10.1

109.3 ± 11.4

112.2 ± 11.6

116.7 ± 9.0

107.1 ± 7.9

109.91 ± 10.0

109.3 ± 12.4

0.015*

Diastolic pressure

72.9 ± 7.4

74.7 ± 6.64

79.8 ± 8.9

77.7 ± 7.7

73.2 ± 8.5

74.91 ± 6.20

77.3 ± 9.6

0.003*

Weight (kg)

45.0 ± 6.9

48.7 ± 10.88

49.4 ± 7.6

45.7 ± 9.7

49.7 ± 10.0

51.77 ± 13.17

46.2 ± 9.6

0.06

BMI (kg/m²)

20.3 ± 3.0

21.7 ± 4.5

21.1 ± 3.2

20.1 ± 4.1

21.7 ± 4.1

22.03 ± 5.21

20.2 ± 4.1

0.24

BMI categories (kg/m²)

        

Underweight (< 18.5)

13 (40.6%)

9 (29.0%)

9 (27.3%)

14 (43.7%)

9 (28.1%)

7 (21.9%)

13 (41.9%)

0.59

Normal (18.5–24.9)

12 (37.5%)

12 (38.7%)

15 (45.4%)

14 (43.7%)

12 (37.5%)

16 (5%)

14 (45.2%)

Overweight (25–29.9)

3 (9.4%)

3 (9.7%)

6 (18.2%)

1 (3.1%)

6 (18.7%)

4 (12.5%)

3 (9.7%)

Obese (≥ 30)

4 (12.5%)

7 (22.6%)

3 (9.1%)

3 (9.4%)

5 (15.6%)

5 (15.6%)

1 (3.2%)

  1. Data presented as mean ± SD and n (%). *p < 0.05. SES = Socioeconomic Status.