Table 2 Descriptive statistics.
From: Digital transformation as an ESG performance catalyst with insights from China’s external governance
Variables | Observations | Mean | St.dev | Median | Min | Max |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DT | 33187 | 1.369 | 1.401 | 1.099 | 0 | 5.037 |
ESG | 33187 | 4.124 | 0.952 | 4 | 1 | 8 |
Investor | 33124 | 0.445 | 0.246 | 0.464 | 0.003 | 0.909 |
Government | 32631 | 0.208 | 0.406 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Marketization | 33187 | 9.632 | 1.762 | 9.860 | 4.076 | 12.864 |
Size | 33187 | 22.275 | 1.298 | 22.085 | 19.941 | 26.292 |
Lev | 33187 | 0.433 | 0.203 | 0.427 | 0.057 | 0.894 |
Roa | 33187 | 0.037 | 0.060 | 0.036 | -0.235 | 0.198 |
Tobinq | 33187 | 2.027 | 1.321 | 1.624 | 0.000 | 8.445 |
Listage | 33187 | 2.060 | 0.896 | 2.303 | 0.000 | 3.332 |
Mfee | 33187 | 0.085 | 0.066 | 0.069 | 0.008 | 0.395 |
Indep | 33187 | 0.376 | 0.054 | 0.357 | 0.333 | 0.571 |
Top1 | 33187 | 0.343 | 0.149 | 0.320 | 0.084 | 0.740 |
Bm | 33187 | 0.608 | 0.261 | 0.604 | 0.000 | 1.184 |
Growth | 33187 | 0.165 | 0.382 | 0.105 | -0.534 | 2.296 |
