Table 1 Characteristics of medical students at the university of danang, Vietnam by clinical training status.

From: Sleep quality by clinical training status among medical students and its associated factors: a cross-sectional study in Da Nang, Vietnam

Characteristics

Total

n = 577

Preclinical training

n = 295

Clinical training

n = 282

p-value

n (%)

Gender (Male)

266 (46.1)

140 (47.5)

126 (44.7)

0.504a

BMI (Kg/m 2 )

21.1 ± 3.2

21.0 ± 3.4

21.1 ± 3.1

0.671d

- Underweight (< 18.5 kg/m2)

108 (18.7)

63 (21.4)

45 (16.0)

0.420a

- Normal weight (18.5 to < 23 kg/m2) 1

346 (60.0)

166 (56.3)

180 (63.8)

- Normal weight (23 to < 25 kg/m2)

122 (21.1)

65 (22.0)

57 (20.2)

- Overweight (25 to < 30 kg/m2) 2

57 (9.9)

31 (10.5)

26 (9.2)

 

- Obesity (≥ 30 kg/m2) 2

13 (2.3)

7 (2.4)

6 (2.1)

 

- Unknown/Missing

1 (0.2)

1 (0.3)

0 (0.0)

 

Academic performance

- Excellent (3.60–4.00)

41 (7.1)

28 (9.4)

13 (4.6)

0.001 b

- Very good (3.20–3.59)

207 (35.9)

87 (29.3)

120 (42.9)

- Good (2.50–3.19)

261 (45.2)

125 (42.1)

136 (48.6)

- Average (2.00–2.49)

33 (5.7)

23 (7.7)

10 (3.6)

- Weak (< 2.00)

9 (1.6)

8 (2.7)

1 (0.4)

- Unknow/Missing

26 (4.5)

26 (8.8)

0 (0.0)

Lifestyle characteristics in the past month

- Smoking (yes)

19 (3.3)

12 (4.1)

7 (2.5)

0.286a

- Alcohol drinking(yes)

87 (15.1)

39 (13.2)

48 (17.0)

0.202a

- Caffeine consumption (yes)

395 (68.5)

194 (65.8)

201 (71.3)

0.154a

- Work part-time at night (yes)

119 (20.6)

47 (15.9)

72 (25.5)

0.004 a

- Playing game (yes)

296 (51.3)

166 (56.3)

130 (46.1)

0.015 a

Doing exercise

- None

170 (29.4)

66 (22.4)

104 (36.9)

< 0.001 a

- Not adequate (< 5 days/week with < 30 min/day)

301 (52.2)

175 (59.3)

126 (44.7)

- Adequate (≥ 5 days/week with ≥ 30 min/day)

106 (18.4)

54 (18.3)

52 (18.4)

Use of electronic devices

- Computer/tablet use

546 (94.6)

279 (94.6)

267 (94.7)

0.956a

- Daily hours of computer/tablet use

4 (2–5)

4 (2–5)

4 (2–5)

0.424c

- Smartphone use

574 (99.5)

294 (99.7)

280 (99.3)

0.536b

- Daily hours of smartphone use

5 (3–7)

5 (3–7)

5 (3–7)

0.284c

Financial burden (yes)

303 (52.5)

160 (54.2)

143 (50.7)

0.396a

Signs of anxiety disorder (GAD-7)

- Yes (≥ 10)

53 (9.2)

28 (9.5)

25 (8.9)

0.795a

- No (< 10)

524 (90.8)

267 (90.5)

257 (91.1)

Signs of depressive disorder (PHQ-9)

- Yes (≥ 10)

83 (14.4)

42 (14.2)

41 (14.5)

0.918a

- No (< 10)

494 (85.6)

253 (85.8)

241 (85.5)

  1. Categorical variables are presented as number (percentage); Continuous variables are presented as median (interquartile range). Statistical comparison using: aChi-square test, bFisher’s exact test, cMann-Whitney U test, and dT-test. The bold p-value indicated statistical significance (p < 0.05). 1 BMI classification for Asia-Pacific populations. 2 BMI classification according to general recommendations of the World Health Organization. Abbreviations: GAD-7: General Anxiety Disorder-7; PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9; BMI: Body Mass Index.
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