Table 5 Mean (± SE) total number of live adult insects per 250 g of wheat grains after 60, 120 and 180 days of storage in different storage facilities during 2023.

From: Comparative assessment of conventional and hermetic storage facilities on wheat grain quality, pest infestation, and bread development

Storage facilities

R. dominica

T. granarium

T. castaneum

L. paeta

60 DAS

120 DAS

180 DAS

F 2,11

60 DAS

120 DAS

180 DAS

F 2,11

60 DAS

120 DAS

180 DAS

F 2,11

60 DAS

120 DAS

180 DAS

F 2,11

Steel bin

5.75 ± 0.85 CD c

15.00 ± 1.83 C b

34.25 ± 2.14 C a

73.5

3.75 ± 0.48 BC b

7.25 ± 0.63 BC b

15.75 ± 2.66 BCD a

14.9

5.75 ± 0.95 DE b

12.00 ± 2.20 C b

26.00 ± 2.20 D a

30.5

9.00 ± 0.82 CD c

20.75 ± 1.49 C b

47.50 ± 4.57 C a

49

Mud bin

10.00 ± 1.22 BC c

23.25 ± 2.14 B b

54.00 ± 2.86 B a

107

5.25 ± 0.48 B b

11.00 ± 1.08 B b

24.25 ± 2.84 BC a

30.1

9.50 ± 0.65 CD c

19.50 ± 1.94 B b

47.50 ± 2.99 C a

89

14.25 ± 1.49 BC c

28.00 ± 1.87 B b

68.25 ± 4.59 B a

88.2

CC bag

18.25 ± 1.49 A c

37.25 ± 1.11 A b

80.50 ± 4.01 A a

156

8.50 ± 0.87 A c

17.50 ± 1.04 A b

42.00 ± 3.11 A a

78.4

15.75 ± 1.49 AB c

33.50 ± 1.94 A b

75.25 ± 3.75 AB a

140

22.25 ± 1.49 A c

46.75 ± 1.49 A b

110.00 ± 5.48 A a

178

PP bag

19.75 ± 1.25 A c

40.50 ± 1.04 A b

91.25 ± 3.68 A a

250

9.25 ± 0.48 A b

19.25 ± 2.02 A b

43.50 ± 3.88 A a

48

17.25 ± 1.55 A c

36.00 ± 1.68 A b

84.00 ± 3.92 A a

173

24.00 ± 1.47 A c

50.50 ± 1.71 A b

117.50 ± 5.12 A a

222

Jute bag

13.25 ± 1.11 B c

28.25 ± 1.11 B b

65.75 ± 3.71 B a

136

6.00 ± 0.41 B b

11.00 ± 0.71 B b

25.50 ± 2.99 B a

32.1

12.00 ± 0.71 BC b

25.25 ± 1.75 B b

59.75 ± 6.22 BC a

43.1

16.25 ± 1.49 B c

33.25 ± 2.14 B b

87.50 ± 4.79 B a

140

GrainPro PHB

2.00 ± 0.41 D b

4.75 ± 0.63 D b

14.25 ± 1.25 D a

58.3

1.00 ± 0.41 D b

3.00 ± 0.41 C b

8.75 ± 1.55 D a

17.8

1.75 ± 0.25 E b

4.75 ± 0.63 C b

12.25 ± 1.49 D a

32.7

3.75 ± 0.85 D b

7.00 ± 0.41 D b

19.00 ± 2.08 D a

37

GrainPro SHB

3.00 ± 0.41 D b

5.50 ± 0.65 D b

18.00 ± 2.20 D a

35.8

2.00 ± 0.41 CD b

3.50 ± 0.65 C b

12.00 ± 0.82 CD a

69.8

2.50 ± 0.29 E b

5.00 ± 0.71 C b

13.50 ± 2.22 D a

18.1

4.75 ± 0.48 D b

8.75 ± 0.63 D b

23.25 ± 3.30 D a

24.7

UAF HB

2.75 ± 0.25 D b

6.00 ± 0.41 D b

16.75 ± 1.70 D a

51.5

1.75 ± 0.25 CD b

3.25 ± 0.63 C b

11.50 ± 2.06 D a

17.6

2.00 ± 0.41 E b

5.00 ± 0.91 C b

13.25 ± 1.80 D a

24.1

4.25 ± 0.85 D b

8.00 ± 0.41 D b

19.50 ± 1.55 D a

57.2

F 7,31

52.9

134

113

 

38.7

39.9

26.4

 

46.3

66.9

74.2

 

47

148

94.2

 
  1. For each treatment, means in a column followed by different uppercase letters show significant difference (p ≤ 0.01; Tukey’s HSD test), while means within each row followed by different lowercase letters show significant difference (p ≤ 0.01; Tukey’s HSD test).
  2. DAS, days after storage, ND, not detected.
  3. *p-value was significant (p ≤ 0.01) across all the treatments in each rows and columns.
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