Table 2 Quantitative evaluation of DNA damage in Allium Cepa root meristem cells exposed to increasing concentrations of ornidazole, as determined by the comet assay.

Comet parameters	Group I (Negative control)	Group II	Group III	Group IV	Positive control (NaN₃)
Head diameter (px)	24.000	24.000	18.000	10.000	8.000
Head density	127.471	129.773	124.284	83.778	75.475
Head DNA (%)	99.0 ± 1.05^a	82.8 ± 1.55^b	68.2 ± 1.55^c	28.0 ± 1.63^d	25.0 ± 1.35^e
Tail length (px)	2.000	21.000	38.000	78.000	72.000
Tail density	1.225	26.998	57.990	215.173	196.278
Tail DNA (%)	1.00 ± 1.05^e	17.2 ± 1.55^d	31.8 ± 1.55^c	72.0 ± 1.63^b	75.0 ± 1.35^a
Tail moment	0.019037	3.616	12.089	56.141	53.981

Group I: Control, Group II: 0.0179 mg/L ornidazole, Group III: 0.0357 mg/L ornidazole, Positive control: 0.0714 mg/L NaN₃. Group IV: 0.0714 mg/L ornidazole. Data are displayed as mean ± SD (n = 10). 1000 cells were analyzed in each group for DNA damage. In the same row, means denoted by distinct letters (a–e) are significant at p < 0.05. Based on the percentage of tail DNA, a comet scale showing DNA damage was produced. Damage classified as minimal or nonexistent (≤ 5%), low (5–20%), moderate (20–40%), high (40–75%), or severe (≥ 75%).

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