Table 1 Catalyst types effect of on reaction time and yields in synthesis of 5a.

From: Preparation, characterization and application of MT@SP@GBP and their use for synthesis of novel pyrazolophthalazine-5,10-diones

Entry

Catalyst

Time (h)

Yield (%)a, b

1

-

12

40

2

K10

12

52

3

Nano-SiO2

8

54

4

Nano-Fe3O4

8

56

5

Fe3O4@SP@GDL [56]

6

90

6

MT@SP-Cl

10

63

7

GBP

4

92

8

MT@SP@GBP

3

97

9

[BBIM]Br

8

78

10

[BBIM]HSO4

8

83

  1. aReaction conditions: azo-aldehyde 1a (1 mmol), 1 malononitrile 2 (1 mmol), phthalic anhydride 3 (1 mmol) and hydrazine hydrate 4 (1 mmol) in 4 mL distilled water, b. ionic liquid (2 mL) were used in entries 8 and 9.
  2. Significant values are in bold.
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