Table 2 Physiological changes induced by NiCl₂, R. farinacea extract and NiCl₂ + R. farinacea extract.

From: Ramalina farinacea mitigates cytogenotoxicity and physiological, biochemical, and anatomical alterations induced by nickel in Allium cepa

Groups

Rooting percentage (%)

Root length (cm)

Weight increase (g)

Control

99

9.68 ± 0.41a

 + 8.18a

RF 1

98

9.79 ± 0.49a

 + 7.94a

RF 2

100

9.75 ± 0.40a

 + 8.09a

Ni

60

2.32 ± 0.33d

 + 2.09d

NiRF 1

71

4.43 ± 0.42c

 + 3.98c

NiRF 2

79

6.18 ± 0.43b

 + 5.11b

  1. Control: Tap water, RF 1: 0.5 g L−1 R. farinacea extract, RF 2: 1.0 g L−1 R. farinacea extract, Ni: 1 mg L−1 NiCl2, NiRF 1: 1 mg L−1 NiCl2 + 0.5 g L−1 R. farinacea extract, NiRF 2: 1 mg L−1 NiCl2 + 1.0 g L−1 R. farinacea extract. Different letters (a-d) next to the means in the same column indicate that the means are statistically different from each other (p < 0.05).
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