Table 4 Scores of outcome measures divided to absenteeism from work subgroups among employed participants.
From: Factors influencing employment and absenteeism in working age people with multiple sclerosis
| Â | In the past 6 months, have you been absent from work due to the MS disease? | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes (n=48) | No (n=43) | t | Cohen’s d | p-value | |
Mean (S.D.) | Mean (S.D.) | ||||
Total MSWDQ | 36.63 (21.38) | 21.23 (20.25) | 3.52** | 0.738 | 0.001 |
Cognitive barriers | 32.79 (20.07) | 21.67 (20.93) | 2.60* | 0.726 | 0.011 |
Physical barriers | 34.11 (21.90) | 18.60 (20.76) | 3.46** | 0.543 | 0.001 |
External barriers | 43.10 (30.33) | 24.27 (27.72) | 3.08** | 0.646 | 0.003 |
Bladder | 1.27 (1.62) | 0.42 (0.91) | 3.12** | 0.583 | 0.003 |
Bowel | 0.78 (0.84) | 0.20 (0.20) | 4.08** | 0.742 | <.001 |
Cognition (SDMT) | 47.78 (12.41) | 48.05 (11.72) | -0.10 | -0.022 | 0.923 |
Mobility (MSWS-12) | 29.22 (18.02) | 23.49 (14.80) | 1.68 | 0.346 | 0.097 |
Fear of falling (FES-I) | 29.67 (12.28) | 22.56 (9.53) | 3.12** | 0.642 | 0.002 |
Fatigue (MFIS) | 39.41 (19.90) | 22.79 (18.88) | 4.09** | 0.855 | <.001 |
Physical | 18.84 (10.45) | 10.40 (10.11) | 3.83** | 0.820 | <.001 |
Cognitive | 18.35 (8.69) | 11.15 (9.68) | 3.66** | 0.786 | <.001 |
Psychosocial | 2.87 (2.27) | 1.40 (1.65) | 3.46** | 0.738 | <.001 |
Anxiety (HADS) | 8.03 (8.03) | 4.51 (4.10) | 3.65** | 0.833 | <.001 |
Depression (HADS) | 6.08 (4.19) | 3.84 (3.83) | 2.43* | 0.557 | 0.018 |
EDSS | 2.79 (1.75) | 2.02 (2.02) | 1.83 | 0.413 | 0.072 |
Age | 40.82 (11.20) | 36.77 (11.56) | 1.70 | 0.356 | 0.092 |
Gender (m=1, f=2) | 1.56 (0.50) | 1.56 (0.50) | 0.04 | 0.009 | 0.967 |
Education, y | 9.02 (8.54) | 9.65 (6.85) | -0.37 | 0.334 | 0.713 |
Disease duration, y | 15.81 (2.94) | 14.90 (2.43) | 1.58 | -0.081 | 0.117 |
