Table 3 Statistical analyses between the urge to smoke outcomes for the study products.

From: Evaluation of high-nicotine oral products shows potential to reduce tobacco-related harm by offering satisfying alternatives

PD variable

Test product (mg)

Reference product

95% CI lower bound

Ratio of geometric LS means

95% CI upper bound

Tukey–Kramer adjusted p value

Emax

#5 14

Skruf

0.89

1.20

1.60

0.382

#5 14

#5 16 mg

0.80

1.07

1.44

0.922

#5 14

#6 20 mg

0.72

0.97

1.31

0.994

#5 16

Skruf

0.83

1.12

1.50

0.763

#5 16

#6 20 mg

0.67

0.91

1.22

0.817

#6 20

Skruf

0.91

1.23

1.66

0.264

AUCt baseline adjusted

#5 14

Skruf

1.02

2.03

4.04

0.041*

#5 14

#5 16 mg

0.70

1.40

2.78

0.572

#5 14

#6 20 mg

0.52

1.04

2.08

0.999

#5 16

Skruf

0.73

1.45

2.88

0.490

#5 16

#6 20 mg

0.37

0.74

1.48

0.667

#6 20

Skruf

0.98

1.96

3.93

0.062

  1. Emax: maximum difference between pre- and post-use measurements; AUCt: area under the effect-time curve from zero to 480 min; CI: confidence interval; LS: least square. *significant difference.
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