Table 4 Analysis of differences in dispositional variables between the four clusters (df = 3).

From: Exploring the structure and functional meaning of pre-performance emotions in young adult musicians

Dispositional variables

Cluster 1. Curiosity and positive emotions

Cluster 2. Fear and hope

Cluster 3.

Shame and negative emotions

Cluster 4. Epistemic emotions and joy

Statistical parameters of Kruskal-Wallis test

Me

M

Me

M

Me

M

Me

M

H

ɛ2

K-MPAI-R

total score

95.0

91.88

91.0

95.44

85.0

93.77

84.5

87.33

0.61

0.01

Early parental relationship context

7.0

8.73

11.5

10.22

7.0

8.62

8.5

7.89

3.07

0.03

Psychological vulnerability

21.0

20.79

24.5

24.97

23.0

23.46

23.5

22.39

4.65

0.04

Proximal performance concerns

67.0

62.37

58.5

60.25

65.0

61.69

57.0

57.06

1.14

0.01

LMAS

28.0

27.04

25.0

24.89

28.0

28.23

27.0

26.78

3.55

0.03

Brief COPE

Problem Orientation

10.0

9.52

9.0

9.47

8.0

8.85

9.5

9.44

2.43

0.02

Brief COPE

Resignation

11.0

11.33

12.0

12.11

14.0

14.15

9.5

10.06

9.41*

0.08

Brief COPE

Support Seeking

11.0

11.46

12.5

12.67

11.0

11.15

11.0

11.44

1.75

0.02

Brief COPE

Releasing Emotions

7.0

7.35

8.0

7.72

8.0

7.23

7.5

7.28

0.35

0.003

Brief COPE

Perspective Change

14.0

14.25

14.0

14.17

15.0

14.23

15.0

15.06

1.82

0.02

  1. Note: M – mean, Me – median, SD – standard deviation, H – the test statistic for the Kruskal-Wallis test, ɛ2 – effect size. K-MPAI-R – Kenny Music Performance Anxiety Inventory – Revisited, LMAS – Level of Emotional Awareness Scale, Brief COPE – Brief-COPE inventory *p <.05.