Fig. 4

Trends in Lung Ultrasound Scores across Different Injury Severities within 24 h Post-Injury. (A) cLUSS (F = 40.154, p < 0.001) showed a significant increase in minor PBLI at 0.5 h (p = 0.000), 3 h (p < 0.001), 6 h (p = 0.002), and 12 h (p = 0.006). Moderate PBLI revealed elevated cLUSS scores at 0.5 h (p < 0.001), 3 h (p < 0.001), 6 h (p < 0.001), 12 h (p < 0.001), and 24 h (p < 0.001). Serious and severe PBLI also showed increased cLUSS scores at 0.5 h (p < 0.001), 3 h (p < 0.001), 6 h (p < 0.001), 12 h (p < 0.001), and 24 h (p < 0.001). (B) R-cLUSS (F = 3.267, p = 0.005) demonstrated a rise in minor PBLI at 0.5 h (p = 0.009), 3 h (p < 0.001), 6 h (p = 0.002), and 12 h (p < 0.001). Moderate PBLI exhibited increased ultrasonographic scores at 0.5 h (p < 0.001), 3 h (p < 0.001), 6 h (p < 0.001), 12 h (p < 0.001), and 24 h (p < 0.001) post-injury. Serious and severe PBLI also displayed elevated ultrasonographic scores at 0.5 h (p < 0.001), 3 h (p < 0.001), 6 h (p < 0.001), 12 h (p < 0.001), and 24 h (p < 0.001) post-injury. (C) L-cLUSS (F = 19.503, p < 0.001) indicated an increase in minor PBLI at 0.5 h (p = 0.048) and 3 h (p = 0.012) post-injury compared to pre-injury levels. Moderate PBLI demonstrated higher ultrasonographic scores at 3 h (p = 0.006), 6 h (p = 0.003), 12 h (p = 0.003), and 24 h (p < 0.001) post-injury. Serious and severe PBLI also showed elevated ultrasonographic scores at 0.5 h (p < 0.002), 3 h (p < 0.001), 6 h (p < 0.001), 12 h (p < 0.001), and 24 h (p < 0.001) post-injury. *p < 0.05, †p < 0.01, $p < 0.001. Comparisons were made using RM ANOVA between groups at each time point post-injury vs. pre-injury (Friedman test).