Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study subjects.
From: Revealing the confluences of workplace bullying, suicidality, and their association with depression
Characteristics | Overall | Male | Female | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | 12,541 | 7889 (62.9) | 4652 (37.1) | |
Age (years) | 36.70 ± 9.10 | 37.18 ± 9.15 | 35.88 ± 8.96 | < 0.001 |
Age distribution | < 0.001 | |||
19–29 | 3338 (26.6) | 1920 (24.3) | 1418 (30.5) | |
30–49 | 7845 (62.6) | 5055 (64.1) | 2790 (60.0) | |
50–65 | 1358 (10.8) | 914 (7.3) | 444 (9.5) | |
Education (graduate) | < 0.001 | |||
High school or below | 1305 (10.4) | 1032 (13.1) | 273 (5.9) | |
College graduate | 1606 (12.8) | 1046 (13.3) | 560 (12.0) | |
University graduate | 7743 (61.7) | 4608 (58.4) | 3135 (67.4) | |
Master’s degree | 1590 (12.7) | 1003 (12.7) | 587 (12.6) | |
Doctorate degrees | 297 (2.4) | 200 (2.5) | 97 (2.1) | |
Marital status | < 0.001 | |||
Married | 5437 (43.4) | 3127 (39.6) | 2310 (49.7) | |
Unmarried | 6858 (54.7) | 4645 (58.9) | 2213 (47.6) | |
Other | 246 (2.0) | 130 (1.5) | 143 (2.8) | |
Type of job | < 0.001 | |||
Government and public | 8460 (67.5) | 6160 (78.1) | 2300 (49.4) | |
Private | 4081 (32.5) | 1729 (21.9) | 2352 (50.6) | |
Years of service (years) | 9.87 ± 8.77 | 10.29 ± 8.93 | 9.15 ± 8.44 | < 0.001 |
Hours of work per week (hours) | 46.97 ± 7.57 | 47.28 ± 7.44 | 46.43 ± 7.74 | < 0.001 |
Monthly earned income (million KRW) | < 0.001 | |||
< 3 | 3910 (31.2) | 1767 (22.4) | 2143 (46.1) | |
3–4 | 3336 (26.6) | 2241 (28.4) | 1095 (23.5) | |
4–6 | 3311 (26.4) | 2378 (30.1) | 933 (20.1) | |
> 6 | 1984 (15.8) | 1503 (19.1) | 481 (3.8) | |
CES-D score | 15.01 ± 10.12 | 13.42 ± 9.49 | 17.60 ± 10.61 | < 0.001 |
Depression | < 0.001 | |||
No | 7574 (58.6) | 5092 (64.5) | 2262 (48.6) | |
Yes | 5187 (41.4) | 2797 (35.5) | 2390 (51.4) | |
Burnout (exhaustion) | 2324 (18.2) | 977 (12.4) | 1347 (29.0) | < 0.001 |
Burnout (cynicism) | 1271 (10.1) | 454 (5.8) | 817 (17.6) | < 0.001 |
Workplace bullying | < 0.001 | |||
Not bullied | 10,837 (86.4) | 7055 (89.4) | 3782 (81.3) | |
Occasionally bullied | 1454 (11.6) | 739 (9.4) | 715 (15.4) | |
Frequently bullied | 250 (2.0) | 95 (1.2) | 155 (3.3) | |
Suicidal ideation | < 0.001 | |||
No | 10,673 (85.1) | 6966 (88.3) | 3707 (79.7) | |
Yes | 1868 (14.9) | 923 (11.7) | 945 (20.3) | |
Suicide attempt | < 0.001 | |||
No | 12,465 (99.4) | 7863 (99.7) | 4602 (98.9) | |
Yes | 76 (0.6) | 26 (0.3) | 50 (1.0) | |
