Fig. 7
From: Critical raw material-free multi-principal alloy design for a net-zero future

Comparison of hardness value for newly generated MPEA compositions compared for ML and Thermo-Calc predictions using various techniques: (a) Genetic algorithm (GA), (b) Particle swarm optimisation (PSO), (c) Whale optimization (WOA), (d) Ant colony optimization (ACO), (e) Cuckoo search optimization (CSO).