Table 4 The relative separation coefficient in each stage.

From: A novel extraction model optimization with effective separation coefficient for rare earth extraction process using improve differential evolution

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Adjacent separation coefficient

Relative separation coefficient

Extraction section

\({\beta _l} = \left[ {1,{\beta _2},\ldots ,{\beta _L},{\beta _{L + 1}},{1_{L + 2}},\ldots ,{1_{N - 1}},{1_N}} \right]\)

\({\beta _{c/1}} = \sum \limits _{l = 1}^c {{\beta _l}}\)

Feeding stage

\({\beta _l} = \left[ {1,{\beta _2},\ldots ,{\beta _L},{\beta _{L + 1}},{\beta _{L + 2}},\ldots ,{\beta _{N - 1}},{\beta _N}} \right]\)

\({\beta _{c/1}} = \sum \limits _{l = 1}^c {{\beta _l}}\)

Scrubbing section

\({\beta _l} = \left[ {1,{1_2},\ldots ,{1_{L - 1}},{\beta _L},{\beta _{L + 1}},\ldots ,{\beta _{N - 1}},{\beta _N}} \right]\)

\({\beta _{c/N}} = \sum \limits _{l = 1}^c {{\beta _l}}\)

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