Table 5 Outcomes for multimodal reference functions (F8 to F13).

From: Improved optimization based on parrot’s chaotic optimizer for solving complex problems in engineering and medical image segmentation

Algorithms

Metric

F8

F9

F10

F11

F12

F13

PO

Mean

57.3112

−2.3623e−09

2.3221e−16

−6.951e−09

−1.0001

1

Std

330.5992

7.8949e−10

5.0147e−32

2.524e−24

0.0018269

0.0013602

Rank

6

4

11

5

1

4

CPO-1

Mean

199.8856

−2.7807e−09

2.0758e−16

2.9605e−10

−1

1.024

Std

283.3031

1.3528e−09

9.2287e−17

1.4089e−10

5.2741e−05

0.087349

Rank

10

3

9

9

2

5

CPO-2

Mean

−59.2349

1.8193e−09

2.002e−16

−1.8867e−11

−0.99997

0.99997

Std

254.8596

1.1454e−09

1.8594e−16

1.1666e−11

0.00018155

0.00034941

Rank

1

8

8

1

3

3

CPO-3

Mean

65.1787

−1.6916e−09

1.7421e−17

9.5983e−09

−1

0.99

Std

216.9192

1.2794e−09

2.2615e−16

6.7424e−09

4.087e−05

0.066298

Rank

7

5

4

11

1

1

CPO-4

Mean

18.5013

2.2982e−09

−1.594e−16

−2.7317e−09

−1

1

Std

286.8456

1.5668e−09

1.1283e−16

8.309e−09

4.2096e−05

7.1117e−05

Rank

5

9

1

6

1

4

CPO-5

Mean

−10.8393

−1.494e−09

2.0952e−16

−2.3098e−09

−1

0.99128

Std

354.2194

1.2896e−09

1.7887e−16

3.0906e−09

0.00027956

0.065843

Rank

4

6

10

7

1

2

CPO-6

Mean

−35.835

1.2054e−09

6.6705e−17

−7.2561e−09

−1

1

Std

443.4088

5.0038e−10

4.1567e−17

9.1441e−09

1.3751e−06

0.00020423

Rank

2

7

5

4

1

4

CPO-7

Mean

−18.8544

−5.5524e−10

9.7157e−17

7.8547e−09

−1

1

Std

380.8146

5.9827e−10

7.9783e−17

5.0463e−09

2.5129e−05

4.2015e−05

Rank

3

1

6

10

1

4

CPO-8

Mean

242.273

2.8512e−09

−1.4196e−16

−9.4956e−09

−1

1

Std

263.3956

1.132e−09

1.6283e−16

4.8325e−09

2.1079e−05

9.9048e−05

Rank

11

11

2

2

1

4

CPO-9

Mean

159.6421

2.4205e−09

1.2789e−16

−8.9992e−09

−1

1

Std

339.9625

2.9323e−09

2.4596e−16

4.1505e−09

0.00012858

6.7822e−06

Rank

9

10

7

3

1

4

CPO-10

Mean

82.1011

−4.6351e−10

1.6232e−18

1.9855e−10

−1

1

Std

333.8365

2.0697e−09

7.7074e−18

7.9612e−10

0.000262

1.1562e−05

Rank

8

2

3

8

1

4